Buildings consume more than one-third of the world's primary energy. Reducing energy use
and greenhouse-gas emissions in the buildings sector through energy conservation and …

With the increased severity, intensity, and frequency of “heatwaves” due to climate change, it
has become imperative to study the overheating risks in existing buildings. To do so, a …

Heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning (HVAC) systems are sized using design conditions,
conditions that occur only a small percentage of time each year. As a result, HVAC systems …

Physics-based simulation of energy use in buildings is widely used in building design and
performance rating, controls design and operations. However, various challenges exist in …

More than 60% of the energy is consumed in European households for space heating.
Combined with the currently low renovation rate, the realization of the 2000 W society will be …

Most medium and large commercial buildings in the US are subject to complex electricity
tariffs that combine both Time-of-Use (TOU) energy and demand charges. This study …

With buildings contributing significantly to electricity usage, enabling demand flexibility
becomes a challenge, especially when accounting for occupant comfort. This study …

Basic insulation and heating system retrofits of existing homes could achieve annual energy
savings of up to $4–5 billion in the USA. However, current US utility energy efficiency (EE) …

Calibrated building energy simulation is an important pathway to more energy-efficient
buildings, but the information requirements of some approaches to this problem are …

Accurate simulation of building system dynamics is particularly important for understanding
building energy flexibility. Among all dynamics in a building, a zone temperature's variation …