This paper presents the technological advancements of the electric vehicles (EVs) all over
the world. The first emphasis is on the various types of the EVs along with the energy …

With the development of the global economy, the automobile industry is also develo**
constantly. In recent years, due to the shortage of environmental energy and other problems …

Abstract Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) is a multidisciplinary effort that links cyber and
physical vectors. Cyber systems may be incorporated into any physical system, such as …

In this paper, a Q-learning fuzzy inference system (QLFIS)-based online control architecture
is proposed and applied for the optimal control of off-road hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) to …

With the development of renewable energy, the number of microgrid systems is gradually
increasing, which puts forward higher requirements for the power grid. How to make full use …

This paper presents a hybrid technique for managing the Energy Management of a hybrid
Energy Storage System (HESS), like Battery, Supercapacitor (SC), and integrated charging …

The application of hybrid energy storage to distributed energy systems can significantly
improve energy efficiency and reduce the investment operating cost of the system. However …

Cyber-Physical System (CPS) is a symbol of the fourth industrial revolution (4IR) by
integrating physical and computational processes which can associate with humans in …

The configuration and development of energy management strategies (EMSs) are
generating considerable interest regarding vehicles due to the rapid blossoming momentum …

This paper presents a pioneering approach to enhance energy efficiency within distributed
energy systems by integrating hybrid energy storage. Unlike prior research, our study …