Diabetes predominantly affects the microvascular circulation of the retina resulting in a
range of structural changes unique to this tissue. These changes ultimately lead to altered …

Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) represent a huge social burden, particularly in
Alzheimer's disease (AD) in which all proposed treatments investigated in murine models …

Disorders of vascular structure and function play a central role in a wide variety of CNS
diseases. Mutations in the Frizzled-4 (Fz4) receptor, Lrp5 coreceptor, or Norrin ligand cause …

Purpose Female mice have been found to be resistant to streptozotocin (STZ)-induced
diabetes, and pre-clinical research related to diabetic complications commonly omits …

Endothelial dysfunction is a critical and initiating factor of the vascular complications of
diabetes. Inflammation plays an important role in endothelial dysfunction regulated by …

The polyol (sorbitol) pathway of glucose metabolism is activated in many cell types when
intracellular glucose concentrations are high, and it can generate cellular stress through …

In the study of vascular biology, analyses of endothelial cells (EC) and smooth muscle cells
(SMC) are very important. The mouse is a critical model for research, however, the isolation …

Background Several retinal pathologies exhibit both inflammation and breakdown of the
inner blood-retinal barrier (iBRB) resulting in vascular permeability, suggesting that …

purpose. Vitamin D compounds inhibit the growth of a variety of tumors in preclinical and
clinical studies. Among the mechanisms suggested for this inhibition is antiangiogenesis …

Repair of adult skeletal muscle depends on satellite cells, quiescent myogenic stem cells
located beneath the myofiber basal lamina. Satellite cell numbers and performance decline …