Background: Individuals with acute-onset central nervous system (CNS) injury, including
stroke, motor incomplete spinal cord injury, or traumatic brain injury, often experience lasting …

Botulinum toxin type-A (BoNT-A) has emerged as a key therapeutic agent for the
management of spasticity. This paper presents a comprehensive bibliometric and visual …

Botulinum neurotoxin type-A (BoNT-A) blocks the release of acetylcholine from peripheral
cholinergic nerve terminals and is an important option for the treatment of disorders …

Objective To test the hypothesis that impaired body orientation with respect to gravity
(lateropulsion) would play a key role in poststroke balance and gait disorders. Methods …

Post-stroke lower limb spasticity impairs balance and gait leading to reduced walking speed,
often increasing wheelchair use and caregiver burden. Several studies have shown that …

Introduction. The effects of long-term stretching (> 6 months) in hemiparesis are unknown.
This prospective, randomized, single-blind controlled trial compared changes in …

Introduction Post-stroke spastic movement disorder (PS-SMD) appears up to 20% in the first
week following stroke and 40% in the chronic phase. It may create major hurdles to …

Background The time-course response after a single injection of botulinum toxin (BoNT) for
post-stroke spasticity is debated. We addressed this issue by conducting a systematic review …

Objective To investigate combined effects of robot‐assisted training (RAT) and physical
therapy versus physical therapy only on balance and gait function of chronic stroke patients …

Spasticity is a very common sign in the neurological field. It can be defined as “a motor
disorder marked by a velocity-dependent increase in muscle tone or tonic stretch reflexes” …