Traditionally, chemical toxicity is determined by in vivo animal studies, which are low
throughput, expensive, and sometimes fail to predict compound toxicity in humans. Due to …

There is an increased awareness that the use of animals for compound-induced
developmental neurotoxicity (DNT) testing has limitations. Animal-free innovations …

Organophosphorus flame retardants (OPFRs) are abundant and persistent in the
environment but have limited toxicity information. Their similarity in structure to …

Digital reconstruction has been instrumental in deciphering how in vitro neuron architecture
shapes information flow. Emerging approaches reconstruct neural systems as networks with …

In neurons, patterns of different microtubule types are essential for neurite extension and
nucleokinesis. Cellular model systems such as rodent primary cultures and induced …

Background During development or regeneration, neurons extend processes (ie., neurites)
via mechanisms that can be readily analyzed in culture. However, defining the impact of a …

Background Urinary para-nitrophenol (PNP), an exposure biomarker of ethyl parathion (EP)
and methyl parathion (MP) pesticides, was still pervasively detected in the general …

Background/Objectives: Many pregnant women globally suffer from depression and are
routinely prescribed selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). These drugs function by …