This article recounts, from my perspective of four decades in this field, evolving paradigms of
primary cell wall structure and the mechanism of surface enlargement of growing cell walls …

The plant cell wall is the first physical and defensive barrier against pathogens. The plant
cell wall usually undergoes dynamic remodeling as an immune response to prevent …

Invertases (INVs) and pectin methylesterases (PMEs) are essential enzymes coordinating
carbohydrate metabolism, stress responses, and sugar signaling. INVs catalyzes the …

Plant cell walls are complex and dynamic structures that play important roles in growth and
development, as well as in response to stresses. Pectin is a major polysaccharide of cell …

Plant cell walls are a critical site where plants and pathogens continuously struggle for
physiological dominance. Here we show that dynamic remodeling of pectin …

The walls surrounding the cells of all land-based plants provide mechanical support
essential for growth and development as well as protection from adverse environmental …

The apoplast is a continuous plant compartment that connects cells between tissues and
organs and is one of the first sites of interaction between plants and microbes. The plant cell …

Verticillium dahliae is a soil-borne hemibiotrophic fungus that can lead to plant vascular
disease and significant economic loss worldwide. Its hosts include over 400 dicotyledon …

Cotton is widely grown in many countries around the world due to the huge economic value
of the total natural fiber. Verticillium wilt, caused by the soil-borne pathogen Verticillium …

A plant cell wall is a highly complex structure consisting of networks of polysaccharides,
proteins, and polyphenols that dynamically change during growth and development in …