Global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions can be traced to five economic sectors: energy,
industry, buildings, transport and AFOLU (agriculture, forestry and other land uses). In this …

A growing number of initiatives at global, regional and national scales propose to plant
millions, billions or even trillions of trees as a simple solution to resolve complex …

China has experienced unprecedented urbanization and associated rural depopulation
during recent decades alongside a massive increase in the total population. By using …

Global net anthropogenic greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions during the last decade (2010–
2019) were higher than at any previous time in human history (high confidence). Since …

Urgent solutions to global climate change are needed. Ambitious tree‐planting initiatives,
many already underway, aim to sequester enormous quantities of carbon to partly …

International trade separates consumption of goods from related environmental impacts,
including greenhouse gas emissions from agriculture and land-use change (together …

The pressure of globalization on our ecosystem is widely debated, and academics and
researchers urge clear policies at all levels. In this regard, a plethora of research work use …

A plethora of articles suggest that tree planting can overcome a host of environmental
problems, including climate change, water shortages, and the sixth mass extinction (1–3) …

Abstract Changes in land systems generate many sustainability challenges. Identifying more
sustainable land-use alternatives requires solid theoretical foundations on the causes of …

We review 75 studies on the competition for biomass and production resources such as
land, water, labour and capital across food, feed and fuel production. We identified seven …