The cardiac sarcomere is a cellular structure in the heart that enables muscle cells to
contract. Dozens of proteins belong to the cardiac sarcomere, which work in tandem to …

We study models of two sequential enzyme-catalyzed reactions as a basic functional
building block for coupled biochemical networks. We investigate the influence of enzyme …

Substrate permissiveness has long been regarded as the raw materials for the evolution of
new enzymatic functions. In land plants, hydroxycinnamoyltransferase (HCT) is an essential …

Cytosolic crowding can influence the thermodynamics and kinetics of in vivo chemical
reactions. Most significantly, proteins and nucleic acid crowders reduce the accessible …

Any time objects and their (self-) organization are to be put into use, their models and
methods of thinking as well as their designing and manufacturing need to be reinvented. 4D …

Members of the parvalbumin (PV) family of calcium (Ca2+) binding proteins (CBPs) share a
relatively high level of sequence similarity. However, their Ca2+ affinities and selectivities …

Highlights•Electron and light microscopy yield 3D reconstructions of signaling
microdomains.•Imaging techniques provide further high-resolution structural data suitable …

Nucleotides comprise small molecules that perform critical signaling roles in biological
systems. Adenosine-based nucleotides, including adenosine tri-, di-, and mono-phosphate …

Competition between reactive species is commonplace in typical chemical reactions.
Specifically the primary reaction between a substrate and its target enzyme may be altered …

Contractile function of cardiac cells is driven by the sliding displacement of myofilaments
powered by the cycling myosin crossbridges. Critical to this process is the availability of ATP …