The blood-brain barrier (BBB) allows the brain to selectively import nutrients and energy
critical to neuronal function while simultaneously excluding neurotoxic substances from the …

Inflammation is a complex biological response fundamental to how the body deals with
injury and infection to eliminate the initial cause of cell injury and effect repair. Unlike a …

The blood coagulation protein fibrinogen is deposited in the brain in a wide range of
neurological diseases and traumatic injuries with blood–brain barrier (BBB) disruption …

Abstract Purpose of Review For many years, exercise was controversial in multiple sclerosis
(MS) and thought to exacerbate symptoms and fatigue. However, having been found to be …

Abbreviations used in this paper: AJ, adherens junction; BBB, blood–brain barrier; BCSFB,
blood–cerebrospinal fluid barrier; CCM, cerebral cavernous malformation; CNS, central …

It has been more than 100 years since Paul Ehrlich reported that various water-soluble dyes
injected into the circulation did not enter the brain. Since Ehrlich's first experiments, only a …

The interaction of coagulation factors with the perivascular environment affects the
development of disease in ways that extend beyond their traditional roles in the acute …

The blood–brain barrier (BBB) is a term used to describe a series of properties possessed
by the vasculature of the central nervous system (CNS) that tightly regulate the movement of …

Mast cells are well known for their role in allergic and anaphylactic reactions, as well as their
involvement in acquired and innate immunity. Increasing evidence now implicates mast cells …

Microglia are long-living resident immune cells of the brain, which secure a stable chemical
and physical microenvironment necessary for the proper functioning of the central nervous …