The majority of life on Earth—notably, microbial life—occurs in places that do not receive
sunlight, with the habitats of the oceans being the largest of these reservoirs. Sunlight …

Sulfide prevails in both industrial and municipal waste streams and is one of the most
troublesome issues with waste handling. Various technologies and strategies have been …

Phosphorus is the central ingredient in fertilizer that allows modern agriculture to feed the
world's population. This element, also critical in a host of industrial applications, is a …

To improve estimates of the extent of ocean oxygenation during the late Ediacaran Period,
we measured the U and Mo isotope compositions of euxinic (anoxic and sulfidic) organic …

Abstract Neutrophilic Fe-oxidizing bacteria (FeOB) are often identified by their distinctive
morphologies, such as the extracellular twisted ribbon-like stalks formed by Gallionella …

An extraordinarily well preserved, 600-million-year (Myr)-old, three-dimensionally
phosphatized fossil displaying multiple independent characters of modern adult sponges …

Phosphatized microfossils in the Ediacaran (635–542 Myr ago) Doushantuo Formation,
south China, have been interpreted as the embryos of early animals,,,. Despite experimental …

Winner, 2009 Victorian Premier's Literary Prize for Science Writing Among the major events
in evolutionary history, few rival in importance the appearance of animals. The Rise of …

Marine sponges are major habitat-forming organisms in coastal benthic communities and
have an ancient origin in evolution history. Here, we report significant accumulation of …

The rise of multicellularity represents a major evolutionary transition and it occurred
independently in multiple eukaryote clades. Although simple multicellular organisms may …