Attempting recall of information from memory, as occurs when taking a practice test, is one of
the most potent training techniques known to learning science. However, does testing yield …

Engaging in a test over previously studied information can serve as a potent learning event,
a phenomenon referred to as the testing effect. Despite a surge of research in the past …

Many students are being left behind by an educational system that some people believe is in
crisis. Improving educational outcomes will require efforts on many fronts, but a central …

Knowing how to manage one's own learning has become increasingly important in recent
years, as both the need and the opportunities for individuals to learn on their own outside of …

Learning is often identified with the acquisition and encoding of new information. Reading a
textbook, listening to a lecture, participating in a hands-on classroom activity, and studying a …

The fully updated eighth edition of Cognitive Psychology: A Student's Handbook provides
comprehensive yet accessible coverage of all the key areas in the field ranging from visual …

Practicing retrieval is a powerful way to promote learning and long-term retention. This
chapter addresses the theoretical underpinnings of retrieval-based learning. We review …

People recall more information after sleep than after an equally long period of wakefulness.
This sleep benefit in episodic memory has been documented in almost a century of …

Previous research has proposed that tests enhance retention more than do restudy
opportunities because they promote the effectiveness of mediating information—that is, a …

How do we go about learning new information? This article reviews the importance of
practicing retrieval of newly experienced information if one wants to be able to retrieve it …