In previous studies, ranging errors in the line of sight (LOS) environment were often
overlooked, resulting in an increase in positioning errors. In non-line of sight (NLOS) …

In recent years, indoor positioning systems (IPSs) have received attention from many
research fields, such as robotics, navigation, human–computer interaction, etc. However …

With the rapid development of robotics, miniaturized and inexpensive robots have gradually
entered the public's field of vision. Smartphone-based robots have the potential to provide …

Accurate indoor positioning is critical to a variety of use cases including tracking, proximity,
map**, and navigation. Existing positioning methods are either inaccurate (eg RSSI …

A density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise (DBSCAN) and three distances
(TD) integrated Wi-Fi positioning algorithm was proposed, aiming to enhance the positioning …

Abstract IEEE 802.11-2016 proposed the Wi-Fi Fine Time Measurement (FTM) protocol,
aiming at providing meter or sub-meter level ranging function between smart terminals and …

With the development of modern society, the demand for indoor positioning technology is
higher and higher. The existing indoor positioning technology is difficult to really solve the …

In recent years, indoor positioning systems (IPSs) have gained significance across various
applications, including asset tracking, monitoring, interior navigation, and location-based …

The fine timing measurement protocol defined in the IEEE 802.11-2016 standard leads to
precise ranging between WiFi devices. However, because the locations of WiFi access …

Indoor high-precision positioning is currently one of the most interesting topics in the
location-tracking and positioning research area. Although the WiFi round-trip-time (RTT) …