Nanovesicles and bio-vesicles (BVs) have emerged as promising tools to achieve targeted
cancer therapy due to their ability to overcome many of the key challenges currently being …

Cancer is a leading cause of death in many countries around the world. However, the
efficacy of current standard treatments for a variety of cancers is suboptimal. First, most …

Efficient cellular delivery of biologically active molecules is one of the key factors that affect
the discovery and development of novel drugs. The plasma membrane is the first barrier that …

Nanoparticles as drug delivery system have received much attention in recent years,
especially for cancer treatment. In addition to improving the pharmacokinetics of the loaded …

In recent years, nanotechnology has been increasingly applied to the area of drug
development. Nanoparticle-based therapeutics can confer the ability to overcome biological …

Nanomedicine, particularly liposomal drug delivery, has expanded considerably over the
past few decades, and several liposomal drugs are already providing improved clinical …

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane-derived particles surrounded by a (phospho)
lipid bilayer that are released by cells in the human body. In addition to direct cell-to-cell …

Biological molecules such as DNA, proteins, and lipids can be assembled into naturally
existing nanoparticles, such as bacterial viruses (also called bacteriophages or phages) …

Liposomes—microscopic phospholipid bubbles with a bilayered membrane structure—have
received a lot of attention during the past 30 years as pharmaceutical carriers of great …

Nanocarriers offer unique possibilities to overcome cellular barriers in order to improve the
delivery of various drugs and drug candidates, including the promising therapeutic …