Umami, as an alimentary taste, is an indicator for the presence of valuable amino acids or
oligopeptides. Umami substances, including free amino acids, nucleotides, peptides …

As the interest in wearable devices has increased recently, increasing biosensor flexibility
has begun to attract considerable attention. Among the various types of biosensors …

Current technology for blood glucose level monitoring is mainly based on the invasive finger‐
prick extraction of a small drop of blood using a lancet and measured via a handheld …

Lactate is one of the potential biomarkers for assessing the human condition in clinical
medicine or sports application. Lactate measurement could help in alerting various …

Acetylcholine (ACh), the major neurotransmitter secreted by cholinergic neurons, is widely
found in the peripheral and central nervous systems, and its main function is to complete the …

With the continuous research breakthroughs on the gustatory system, special biosensors
have been developed for taste-related analyses, such as taste perception, transduction …

Brain neurochemical monitoring aims to provide continuous and accurate measurements of
brain biomarkers. It has enabled significant advances in neuroscience for application in …

A lactate sensor for lactate sensing using porous laser-induced graphene (LIG) electrodes
with an electrodeposited PdCu catalyst was developed in this study. CO 2 laser was used to …

Detection of small metabolite biomarkers at different concentrations could be powerfully
used for disease diagnosis and progression. To enhance detection capabilities …

Nanosensors to detect and measure biomarkers are increasingly pervasive in our daily
lives. Nanostructured materials provide an unprecedented opportunity to measure ultra-low …