Parenting is considered a key evolutionary innovation that contributed to the diversification
and expansion of vertebrates. However, we know little about how such diversity evolved …

Vertebrate hippocampal formation is central to conversations on the comparative analysis of
spatial cognition, especially in light of variation found in different vertebrate classes …

Despite the impressive growth of knowledge on the phylogenetic systematics of dart-poison
frogs and their relatives (Dendrobatoidea) over the past decade, many problems remain to …

Despite rising interest among scientists for over two centuries, parental care behavior has
not been as thoroughly studied in amphibians as it has in other taxa. The first reports of …

Kinship appears to be a major influence on the lives of animals. This chapter examines three
key questions. First, do animals respond differentially to kin and nonkin? Examples are …

Altered global climates in the 21st century pose serious threats for biological systems and
practical actions are needed to mount a response for species at risk. 2. We identify …

Parental care has evolved repeatedly and independently across animals. While the
ecological and evolutionary significance of parental behaviour is well recognized …

Sex differences in vertebrate spatial abilities are typically interpreted under the adaptive
specialization hypothesis, which posits that male reproductive success is linked to larger …

Highlights•Serial reversal learning measures the ability to adapt to a changing
environment.•The ability to use rule-based strategies during serial reversal learning is …

Many organisms use chemical defenses to reduce predation risk. Aposematic dendrobatid
frogs sequester alkaloid‐based chemical defenses from a diet of arthropods, but research …