This is a review about the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC), its mean
structure, temporal variability, controlling mechanisms, and role in the coupled climate …

Abstract The Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) has been described by some as a long-lived
El Niño-like pattern of Pacific climate variability, and by others as a blend of two sometimes …

The Pacific decadal oscillation (PDO), the dominant year-round pattern of monthly North
Pacific sea surface temperature (SST) variability, is an important target of ongoing research …

This chapter assesses the scientific literature describing expectations for near-term climate
(present through mid-century). Unless otherwise stated," near-term" change and the …

Uncertainty in future climate change presents a key challenge for adaptation planning. In
this study, uncertainty arising from internal climate variability is investigated using a new 40 …

The modes of Pacific decadal-scale variability (PDV), traditionally defined as statistical
patterns of variance, reflect to first order the ocean's integration (ie, reddening) of …

Ocean–atmosphere interaction over the Northern Hemisphere western boundary current
(WBC) regions (ie, the Gulf Stream, Kuroshio, Oyashio, and their extensions) is reviewed …

Over most of the World Ocean, sea surface temperature (SST) is below 26° C and
atmospheric deep convection rarely takes place. Cool ocean–atmosphere interaction is …

The Pacific decadal oscillation (PDO), defined as the leading empirical orthogonal function
of North Pacific sea surface temperature anomalies, is a widely used index for decadal …

Small pelagic fish contribute up to 50% of the total landing of marine species. They are most
abundant in upwelling areas and contribute to food security. Exploited stocks of these …