Janus tyrosine kinase (JAK) family of proteins have been identified as crucial proteins in
signal transduction initiated by a wide range of membrane receptors. Among the proteins in …

Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a highly conserved Serine/Threonine (Ser/Thr)
protein kinase, which belongs to phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase-related kinase (PIKK) protein …

There are ample genetic and laboratory studies that suggest the PI3K–Akt pathway is vital to
the growth and survival of cancer cells. Inhibitors targeting this pathway are entering the …

Cancer therapy has long relied on the rapid proliferation of tumour cells for effective
treatment. However, the lack of specificity in this approach often leads to undesirable side …

The high frequency of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway alterations in cancer has
led to a surge in the development of PI3K inhibitors. Many of these targeted therapies are …

Numerous studies have established a causal link between aberrant mammalian target of
rapamycin (mTOR) activation and tumorigenesis, indicating that mTOR inhibition may have …

Outcomes of anticancer therapy vary dramatically among patients due to diverse genetic
and molecular backgrounds, highlighting extensive intertumoral heterogeneity. The …

Kinase inhibitors are the largest class of new cancer drugs. However, it is already apparent
that most tumours can escape from the inhibition of any single kinase. If it is necessary to …

Epidemiological studies have reported an increased risk of cancer in people with type 2
diabetes (T2DM) and obesity, related in part to hyperinsulinemia, secondary to insulin …

Although signaling from phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) and AKT to mechanistic target
of rapamycin (mTOR) is prominently dysregulated in high-grade glial brain tumors, blockade …