An updated review of the existing knowledge regarding uremic toxins facilitates the design
of experimental studies. We performed a literature search and found 621 articles about …

Kidney disease is an increasingly common comorbidity that alters the pharmacokinetics of
many drugs. Prescribing to patients with kidney disease requires knowledge about the drug …

The biosynthesis of antibiotics and self-protection mechanisms employed by antibiotic
producers are an integral part of the growing antibiotic resistance threat. The origins of …

Drug dosage adjustment for patients with acute or chronic kidney disease is an accepted
standard of practice. The challenge is how to accurately estimate a patient's kidney function …

Renal or hepatic impairment is a common comorbidity for patients with cancer either
because of the disease itself, toxicity of previous anticancer treatments, or because of other …

Introduction Chronic kidney disease is a common, progressive illness that is becoming a
global public health problem. In patients with kidney dysfunction, the renal excretion of …

Background: Available in-vitro and animal studies indicate that inflammation impacts
cytochromes P450 (CYP) activity via multiple and complex transcriptional and post …

The buprenorphine receptor binding profile is unique in that it binds to all three major opioid
receptors (mu, kappa, delta), and also binds to the orphan-like receptor, the receptor for …

Uremic encephalopathy encompasses a wide range of central nervous system
abnormalities associated with poor kidney function occurring with either progressive chronic …

Background: Chronic renal failure (CRF) has been shown to significantly reduce the
nonrenal clearance and alter bioavailability of drugs predominantly metabolized by the liver …