Despite the disparities in size and volume of marine and freshwater realms, a strikingly
similar number of species is found in each–with 15 150 Actinopterygian fishes in fresh water …

The oceans appear ideal for biodiversity—they have unlimited water, a large area, are well
connected, have less extreme temperatures than on land, and contain more phyla and …

The rapid expansion of human activities threatens ocean-wide biodiversity. Numerous
marine animal populations have declined, yet it remains unclear whether these trends are …

Teleost fishes are the most diverse group of vertebrates on Earth. On tropical coral reefs,
their species richness exceeds 6000 species; one tenth of total vertebrate biodiversity. A …

Around the world, the human-induced collapses of populations and species have triggered
a sixth mass extinction crisis, with rare species often being the first to disappear. Although …

Quantitative scenarios are coming of age as a tool for evaluating the impact of future
socioeconomic development pathways on biodiversity and ecosystem services. We analyze …

Global biodiversity change is one of the most pressing environmental issues of our time.
Here, we review current scientific knowledge on global biodiversity change and identify the …

Ecology Letters (2010) 13: 1055–1071 Abstract Whereas many land predators disappeared
before their ecological roles were studied, the decline of marine apex predators is still …

Human-dominated marine ecosystems are experiencing accelerating loss of populations
and species, with largely unknown consequences. We analyzed local experiments, long …

Estuarine and coastal transformation is as old as civilization yet has dramatically
accelerated over the past 150 to 300 years. Reconstructed time lines, causes, and …