Recent decades have seen a rise in the use of physics methods to study different societal
phenomena. This development has been due to physicists venturing outside of their …

Economic complexity methods have become popular tools in economic geography,
international development and innovation studies. Here, I review economic complexity …

Physical laws—such as the laws of motion, gravity, electromagnetism, and thermodynamics—
codify the general behavior of varied macroscopic natural systems across space and time …

There is a scientific consensus on the need for spatially detailed information on urban
landscapes at a global scale. These data can support a range of environmental services …

A longstanding line of research in urban studies explores how cities can be understood
through their appearance. However, what remains unclear is to what extent urban dwellers' …

Decades of air quality improvements have substantially reduced the motor vehicle
emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Today, volatile chemical products (VCPs) …

The movements of individuals within and among cities influence critical aspects of our
society, such as well-being, the spreading of epidemics, and the quality of the environment …

The role of transportation network companies (TNCs) in the urban transport system is under
intense debate. In this study, we systematically assess three aspects of the net impacts of …

Urban heat islands (UHIs) exacerbate the risk of heat-related mortality associated with
global climate change. The intensity of UHIs varies with population size and mean annual …

We have entered the urban century and addressing a broad suite of sustainability
challenges in urban areas is increasingly key for our chances to transform the entire planet …