Oligonucleotides can be used to modulate gene expression via a range of processes
including RNAi, target degradation by RNase H-mediated cleavage, splicing modulation …

Based on engineered or bacterial nucleases, the development of genome editing
technologies has opened up the possibility of directly targeting and modifying genomic …

The RNA-guided endonuclease Cas9 can be converted into a programmable transcriptional
repressor, but inefficiencies in target-gene silencing have limited its utility. Here we describe …

Many bacterial and archaeal organisms use clustered regularly interspaced short
palindromic repeats–CRISPR associated (CRISPR–Cas) systems to defend themselves …

BACKGROUND Prokaryotes have evolved multiple systems to combat invaders such as
viruses and plasmids. Examples of such defense systems include receptor masking …

Synthetic biology aims to develop engineering-driven approaches to the programming of
cellular functions that could yield transformative technologies. Synthetic gene circuits that …

Targeted genome editing using artificial nucleases has the potential to accelerate basic
research as well as plant breeding by providing the means to modify genomes rapidly in a …

Gene regulation is a complex and tightly controlled process that defines cell identity, health
and disease, and response to pharmacologic and environmental signals. Recently …

Nucleic acids have attracted widespread attention due to the simplicity with which they can
be designed to form discrete structures and programmed to perform specific functions at the …

Few discoveries transform a discipline overnight, but biologists today can manipulate cells in
ways never possible before, thanks to a peculiar form of prokaryotic adaptive immunity …