The current generation of Earth system models used by the United Nations to project future
climate scenarios (CMIP6) relies heavily on marine biogeochemical models to track the fate …

Predicting the impact of marine ecosystem warming on the timing and magnitude of
phytoplankton production is challenging. For example, warming can advance the …

Primary productivity in the Southern Ocean plays a key role in global biogeochemical cycles.
While much focus has been placed on phytoplankton production seasonality, non‐seasonal …

Mixed layers are defined to have homogeneous density, temperature, and salinity. However,
bio‐optical profiles may not always be fully homogenized within the mixed layer. The relative …

Nuclear war would produce dire global consequences for humans and our environment. We
simulated climate impacts of US‐Russia and India‐Pakistan nuclear wars in an Earth …

Remote sensing has become an important tool for the management of the marine
environment. Currently, researchers are able to map several important facets of the marine …

The gravitational sinking of particles in the mesopelagic layer (∼ 200–1,000 m) transfers to
the deep ocean a part of atmospheric carbon fixed by phytoplankton. This process, called …

The depth of the upper ocean mixed layer provides fundamental information on the amount
of seawater that directly interacts with the atmosphere. Its space‐time variability modulates …

Carbon export from the surface to the deep ocean is a primary control on global carbon
budgets and is mediated by plankton that are sensitive to physical forcing. Earth system …

Abstract In the Southern Ocean, phytoplankton blooms are an annually recurring prominent
feature that play a significant role in ocean CO2 uptake. Understanding the timing of the …